Semiconductor devices are becoming thinner and more complex, making thin deposited films even harder to measure and control. With 3nm node devices in production and 2nm nodes ramping toward ...

Thin films are two-dimensional (2D) material layers deposited on a bulk substrate, possessing a thickness of a few nanometers to impart properties that cannot be realized by base materials. The unique ...

Accurately controlling film thickness and uniformity is extremely important for both throughput and performance in the automotive, aerospace, semiconductor, medical, and research industries. White ...

Thin films form the basis of many industries today, including semiconductors, electric vehicles, smart optical coatings, sophisticated medical equipment, and protective layers on high-temperature ...