We are all prone to motivated reasoning in which our personal goals distort our beliefs. For example, most drivers and most professors think they are above average. Ziva Kunda’s 1990 paper “The Case ...
It is seldom appreciated that what one is aware of usually “just happens,” all for free and without any effort or intent one one’s part. Upon waking, for example, one opens one’s eyes and immediately ...
The notion that the brain performs inferences dates back at least to Helmholtz, who observed that most perceptual problems are inherently ill posed—our sensory input vastly underdetermines the ...
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